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Guidelines for Intercultural Competence
University of Tampere, Research Centre for Vocational Education, Byoma Tamrakar

In the cultural context, three categories can be distinguished:
· Multicultural competence – different cultures side by side
· Cross cultural competence – comparison of different cultures
· Intercultural competence – interpersonal level of interaction between cultures

Definition (dynamic): Intercultural competence - the abilities among people to interact and understand effectively and appropriately with those who are ethnically, racially and culturally different from one another.

Intercultural competence is often defined as flexibility and skills in situations without binding oneself to stereotypes or prejudices. Cultural norms are not in the focus, but the openness to understand and respect cultural diversity.

When internet being a source where different cultures come together virtually, diversity of race, culture and ethnicity is playing a role in ICT and online learning.

The concept of intercultural competence is not unambiguous yet. Following components should be taken into account:
· Knowledge (general and specific, like abstract environment knowledge, history, customs, practices). There is an interesting thesis that people should rather be taught their own culture in order to be empathic to other cultures
· Motivation and attitude (feelings, intentions, stereotypes)
· Actions (skills and competence, e.g. learning languages)

Examples of models to develop intercultural competence:

Behavioral Assessment Scale for Intercultural Competence (BASIC) by Jolene Koester and Margaret Olebe (1988) focused on eight categories of communication behavior:
· Display of Respect
· Orientation of Knowledge
· Empathy
· Task Role Behavior
· Rational Role Behavior
· Interaction Management
· Tolerance of Ambiguity
· Interaction Posture

DMIS (Development of Intercultural Sensitivity) by Dr. Milton Bennett defines three ethnocentric stages (when own culture is central to one’s actions and thoughts). Those are: denial, defence, and minimization. The ethnorealtive (own culture experienced in connection with other cultures) stages are: acceptance, adaptation, and integration. DMIS has been successfully implemented in developing curriculum for education solutions.

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Ilmoitus lisätty 31. lokakuuta 2006, klo 17:39

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Viimeinen hakupäivä: 30.11.2006

sunny1011 schrieb am 05.11.2006 11:12
Magste auf Polnisch backen, Syys?

Syysmyrsky schrieb am 05.11.2006 13:06

sunny1011 schrieb am 05.11.2006 11:12
Magste auf Polnisch backen, Syys?

Nein, auf Schlesisch ;)